How to Grout - LATICRETEHow to Grout - Installation Guide for Cementitious Grouts. Preparation: Concrete Substrate: Cleaning, roughening, and presoaking the concrete substrate with water for 1. Cleaning and roughening will insure a proper bond of the grout to the substrate. Presoaking the concrete substrate with water will prevent a dry concrete foundation from absorbing or wicking water out of the grout mixture prior to its final set. A dry concrete substrate could cause shrinkage of newly placed non- shrink grout, particularly when placing grouts in a stiff or . Do not take a chance - always presoak the concrete.
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Remove excess water just prior to placing grout. Leave surface damp. Baseplate and Sole Plates: Baseplates and sole plates should be aligned, shimmed, and cleaned of all grease, dirt, loose rust and scale. Air vents may have to be provided in order to eliminate undesirable air pockets. This is especially true for baseplates with shear keys or stiffeners, which create compartments on the underside. Baseplate heights will necessarily vary due to a number of factors, including size of the plates and whether the plate is for a dynamic, vibrating machine or for a static load, structural steel column. Generally, it is not recommended that cement- based grout be used in depths less than 2.
In cases where the grout depth exceeds 1. Select one side of the form to be the placement side. The forms on the placement side should be spaced further from the baseplate to accommodate a 6- 8. Minimum form elevation should be sufficient to allow for complete gravity fill under the plate. Provide for expansion joints on long pours.
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Temperature Control: Follow ACI guidelines for cold weather or hot weather concreting. Many of these principles apply to cement- based, non- shrink grouts. Under cold weather conditions proper preparation would include warming the concrete substrate and baseplate to 4. In hot weather the most common steps include using iced or cold mixing water and, if possible, storing the grout in a shaded or cool area. Cooling the baseplate with cold water is also advisable. In any case, always take steps to moderate temperature extremes.
Grout Placement . On any one particular project it is likely that the grout will be placed at a wide variety of consistencies. Some will be dry- packed, some will be plastic or flowable, and some may necessarily be placed in a fluid consistency. It is important, first of all, that any grout chosen will remain non- shrink at all placement consistencies. A grout should be chosen because of its conformance to the non- shrink requirements of ASTM C- 1.
ALL possible placement consistencies, from the stiffest to the most fluid. Mixing Large Batches: Mix grout in gasoline powered, paddle- type mortar mixers, not in rotary drum type . It is recommended that more than one mixer be on site and used to insure continuous mixing and rapid placement, in the event of mechanical breakdown.
Prepare mixer by mixing one very fluid bag of grout. This is referred to as . Determine suitable batch size for the project.
For fluid consistency, add two- thirds of the recommended water requirement to the empty mixer, start mixer, slowly add grout powder. Mix to a doughy state and then add water to desired placement consistency. Mix grout for 5 minutes to activate all ingredients and until a uniform, lump- free consistency is obtained. Follow manufacturer's recommendations in mixing grout and water requirements. For stiffer consistencies, add total water at the beginning of the mixing cycle. Mixing Small Batches: For one bag (up to 5.
For fluid consistency, add two- thirds of the recommended water. Slowly add grout powder to water.
Mix to a uniform doughy state. Add additional water to desired consistency. Mix at medium speed for five minutes to activate all ingredients. Do not exceed maximum water requirements stated on bag. For stiffer consistencies, add total water at the beginning of the mixing cycle. Depth of Pour: For grouting depths of 1. On large or deep grouting applications it may be necessary to extend the grout with the addition of up to 5.
Due to the high percentage of portland cement found in today's high strength grouts, a great amount of exothermic heat is generated during the early stages of hydration. On pours of over 1. If pea gravel extension is inappropriate or unacceptable for a particular grout installation, the grout may be poured in multiple. Consult the grout manufacturer to determine suitability of this procedure. Begin placement and continue placement from the placement side only. This will avoid cold joints and will minimize the chance of air entrapment.
Grout anchor bolt holes and keyways first. Utilize head boxes and grout pumps where their use is beneficial. The use of concrete vibrators, straps, and rods to help move the grout should be used sparingly. Excessive vibration may cause bleeding and segregation of a fluid grout and should be avoided. Where necessary, use a grout with an extended work time, such as CRYSTEX. Cover immediately with wet rags or curing compound. Finishing: Just prior to final set it is recommended that exposed grout shoulders be cut back at a 4.
This configuration uniformly transfers loads from the baseplate to the foundation. Other types of finishing may be desirable and satisfactory depending on the experience of the owner and engineer or the requirements of the job. If grout shoulders are cut, curing must be resumed immediately thereafter. In Place Protection: Curing: The single biggest cause of hairline cracks and shrinkage in a high quality cementitious grout is improper or nonexistent curing procedures. Therefore, all cement- based grouts should be carefully and immediately cured with wet rags, covered with plastic sheeting, and later, coated with a high solids, membrane curing compound.
It should be noted that with stiff or dry pack grouts wet curing is highly desirable and sometimes critical. In every case, the sooner the curing procedure is initiated, the better. Of primary concern is to protect it from freezing. Grout temperature should be maintained at a minimum of 4.
During cold conditions, eliminate external vibration until grout reaches 3.